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The representatives of over 100 nationalities as Russians, Ukrainians, Byelorussia, Crimean Tatars, Jewries, Armenians, Greeks, Germans and others live in the Crimea.
The rich of the Crimea is its soft near to the Mediterranean climate. The Crimean peninsula is characterized by variety of natural landscapes. On the north it is a plain, on the south – mountains covered by forests with great number of Black Sea resorts in the sea cost area.
The Crimea has huge natural resource potential. The region covers demands in water due to own resources only by 16,5%, and rest 83,5% – due to the water of the North Crimean Channel. The general length of the river network in the Crimea is 5996 km.
The Crimea has three artesian basins: North-Sivash, Bilogorsk and Alma used for drinkable water-supply.
The south black earths take 45% of the peninsula's area.
The Crimean peninsula is known by exotic breeds of different growing trees and bushes. The forests cover approximately 5% of the Crimea area. The natural protected fund with the general area over 129 000 ha makes 149 objects.
346 deposits of minerals of the state and local value are discovered in the Crimea. 178 deposits are developed.
159 deposits of building raw material, 87 deposits of fresh water, 50 deposits of hydrocarbon, 26 deposits of cure mud, 15 deposits for production of metallurgical raw material, two deposits of clay and one deposit of thermal waters prevail in the structure of the raw mineral-material base.
Basis of the fuel and energy raw material base is hydrocarbons: oil, natural gas and gas condensate. On the peninsula's territory there are found out 30 deposits of gas with supply of 47 095 mln. cube m, three deposits of liquid gas with 95 mln. cube m, ten oilfields of gas condensate with the general supply of 5 012 000 tons.
The Crimea is the leading health-resort region of Ukraine promoting medical treatment, medical rehabilitation and preventive measures of diseases.
Over 600 sanatorium-health establishments operate in 13 resort regions of the autonomy. Every fourth belongs to the health-resorts.
There are 50 salt lakes united in five groups – Yevpatoria, Kerch, Perekop, Tarkhankut and Chongar-Arabat. Over 100 mineral springs as chloride, calcium sodium, thermal sodium and other are known.
Perspective directions of investing in health-resort and tourist spheres are follows as complex mastering of recreational territories with creation of modern engineering infrastructure of rest and entertainments; creation and reconstruction of objects of cultural-ethnographic, rural and green tourism (cultural-ethnographic centers, villages, mini-hotels and handicraft centers).
Over 3000 objects of natural and anthropogenic character make tourist resource potential of the Crimea.
Basis of natural fund of the peninsula is six state preserves. There are almost 850 coves in the Crimea. In the mountain-forest area there are over 170 natural objects, preserves, parks, landscape monuments, 150 world-wide historical-archaeological objects of sites, towns, necropolises and fortresses. New and perspective direction in development of tourist industry of the Crimea is green (rural) tourism.
The Crimean tourist enterprises planned and successfully conduct tours of acquaintance with culture, handicrafts, traditions of different people of the Crimea.
The strategic direction of development of agrarian sphere is creation of powerful resource base for forming food complex.
The general area of agricultural lands of the autonomy makes almost 1 800 000 ha.
The climatic conditions in the Crimea enable to grow some subtropical breeds on its territory.
Gardening in the republic is represented by production of seminal (apple and pear) and drupaceous breeds (plum, peach, apricot and merry).
The republic – the main region of Ukraine for wine production is known by its technical breeds used for making fine wine, cognac and juice. On average they annually produce about 120 000 tons of grape. Over 30 vine making plants operate in the republic. The export of vine making products is carried out in 11 countries of the world.
Agrarian sphere of the Crimea is historically orientated on development of agriculture, gardening, growing of cereals, tobacco and essential oil breeds. The meat and milk stock-raising and poultry farming are being developed. Perspective branch of the autonomy is fishing.
The republican industry is represented by wide range of different types of activity. The leading branches of industrial production are follows as food, chemical, machine-building and metalworking where almost 200 big, medium and small enterprises with over 100 000 employees are concentrated.
In the structure of Crimean industry about 80% of general volume of production is made by finishing industry, about 6% – extractive and about 14% – enterprises for production and distribution of electric power, gas and water.
The sphere of industrial production of the Crimea is represented also by such industries, as machine-building, including agricultural, shipbuilding, chemical, mining, light and food industry.
On the beginning of 2007 167 mln. hryvna or 29% of general volume of direct foreign investments came in development of industrial enterprises.
Favourable geographical location, specific of territorial economy organization and natural conditions assisted to development of different types of transport in the Crimea as sea, railroad, motor-car, air and pipeline which make single system of co-operation.
Main factors of development of the building industry are follows as presence of highly skilled labour force, active using of different modern materials and advanced technologies in building. The Crimean enterprises produce wall material, cement, macadam, asphalt concrete and facing plates.
The Crimean enterprises conduct active foreign economic activity also. Dyes and pigments, electric engineering products, inorganic wares, fish and wine prevail in the commodity structure of export.
Today the wide network of educational establishments of the autonomy provides practically all industries of Crimean economy with high-quality prepared professional staff.
629 general educational establishments function in the republic.
Structure of educational establishments providing professional preparation makes 11 higher, 11 vocational schools and seven professional lyceums. The higher school is represented by 146 establishments of different form of property. The special place among higher scientific-educational establishments of the Crimea is taken by such structures as V. I. Vernadsky Tavria National University, S. I. Georgiyevsky Crimean State Medical University, Crimean National Academy of Nature Protection and Resort Building and Kerch Marine Technological Institute. The scientific and research-technical activity is carried out by almost 100 scientific, research, project and design institutes and bureaus, research experimental stations, enterprises and organizations of branch type.
A considerable contribution to development of science is brought by Crimean research centers as Crimean Astrophysical Observatory of NAS of Ukraine, South Scientific-Research Institute of Marine Fish Economy and Oceanography, Marine Hydrophysical Institute of NAS of Ukraine, Crimean Republican Scientific-Research Institute of Physical Methods of Treatment and Medical Climatology named after I. M. Sechenov.
Financial institutes operating in the Crimea are represented by wide network of banking institutions.
Combination of unique resort-health resources, powerful agrarian-industrial complex, developed transport infrastructure and sea ports makes Crimea investment perspective region.
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